Cirrhotic Liver

Name: Rasheeda

Age: 33 Yrs

Sex: Female

Complaints: C/o bilateral pedal edema.

Introduction:

Case study:  liver measures ~9.9 cm appears shrunken with coarsened echotexture and irregular margins. The portal vein appears normal (~8.4 mm). Free fluid noted in the perihepatic and subhepatic region.

Images

Conclusion: Liver appears shrunken with coarsened echotexture and irregular margins. There is evidence of ascites and splenomegaly as described. – Features are in favour of cirrhotic liver disease.  Suggested LFT correlation.

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Acute on chronic SDH

Name: Aliyaru kunju

Age: 62 Yrs

Sex: Male

Complaints: c/o ataxia

Introduction:

  • Case study: Bilateral cerebral hemisphere shows well defined encapsulated hypodense subdural collection involving right parietal and left fronto-parietal region with maximum thickness in the right parietal region measuring ~28 mm showing irregular areas of hyperdensities.
  • Well defined encapsulated hypodense collection measuring ~4.7 x 1.5 cm involving the epidural space of right frontal lobe extending into the parietal region with minimal evidence of peripheral hyperdensities.
  • No evidence of significant mass effect/ midline shift at present.

 

Images

Conclusion: Well defined encapsulated subdural hypodense collections in the bilateral cerebral hemisphere with evidence of hyperdensities.  – Features in favor of acute on chronic SDH.

Well defined encapsulated epidural hypodense collection in the right fronto-parietal region with peripheral areas of hyperdensities as described. – Features in favor of acute on chronic EDH.

No evidence of significant mass effect/ midline shift at present.

 

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Duplex Collecting System

Name: Baiju

Age: 41 Yrs

Sex: Male

Complaints: Right hypochondrial pain.

Introduction:  Case study:  Right kidney shows duplex collecting system with non functioning lower pole moiety showing ballooning of calyces in the mid and lower pole. There is no evidence of contrast excretion/draining noted in the obstructed collecting system arising from the mid and lower pole moiety.

The upper moiety of right kidney shows separate collecting system with normal excretion of contrast and no evidence of contrast delay.

The lower moiety is non traceable beyond the proximal aspect.

Left kidney shows normal concentration and excretion of contrast media.

Bilateral perinephric fat and para renal fascias are normal. Renal vessels are normal in caliber, course and opacification.

Images

Conclusion: Duplex collecting system with non functioning lower moiety of right kidney with obstructive hydronephrosis as described.

No evidence of ureterocele seen in the present study.

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Congenital diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH)

Name: Shameena

Age: 20 Yrs

Sex: Female

Complaints:

Introduction:

Case study:  Fetal heart is mildly displaced towards right with parallel appearance of stomach bubble   in the four chamber view.

Images

Conclusion: Parallel appearance of stomach bubble along with four chamber heart view in the thorax. – Features persistent for left congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).

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Right iliac fossa mass. – ? Appendicular mass

Name: Unnikrishnan Pillai

Age: 60 Yrs

Sex: Male

Complaints: RIF tenderness.

Introduction:  RIF: Probe tenderness present. Appendix not visualized. No evidence of free fluid.

Multiple enlarged right iliac lymphnodes noted, largest measuring ~13 x 6 mm with fatty hilum and oval shape.

A well defined heteroechoic solid appearing mass measuring ~4.6 x 2.1 cm noted in the right iliac region. Minimal surrounding vascularity noted.

Case study:

Images

Conclusion: A well defined heterogenous mass in the right iliac fossa with moderate probe tenderness and enlarged mesenteric lymphnodes.  – Features suggestive of appendicular mass.

Suggested CT Abdomen for further evaluation.

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